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There would be no external light sources allowed during the performance, much like a modern cinema, and he would include ringing bells, thunder claps and ghost calls as sound effects during key beats in the narrative. When his shows would play in Paris theatres, he would move the magic lanterns so his projections would appear to be moving as well. Robertson would become one of the most popular storytellers in the medium, largely thanks to the incorporation of modern storytelling techniques. It’s believed that Etienne-Gaspard Robertson attended one of these performances and spawned his own Fantasmagorie a few years later. So popular were his shows, that he performed them twice a day at the Hotel Chartres on rue Richelieu. After being run-out of Berlin for being a fraud, he established himself in Paris during the early 1790s with his show, Phantasmagoria, which incorporated optics, illusions and magic lanterns to project ghosts, disembodied spirits and other ghoulish apparitions. Magician Paul Filidort (also known as Phylidoor or Philidor) was another performer who ostensibly raised the dead and oversaw seances. He’s said to have used images of well-known ghosts projected from hidden magic lanterns in a darkened room with draped altars, gaining a cult following that lived on over a century after his mysterious death by gunshot wound. He became famous for ghost-raising séances where attendees fasted for 24 hours before attending his presentation at midnight and it’s believed they were fed salad and punch that contained hallucinogens.
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Demonic images would be overlapped on to each other or projected on to semi-transparent screens to heighten the eerie impact.Īs ghost stories began to increase in popularity, so too did the desire for a lived experience and the work of charlatans like German Georg Schrepfer, who was among the first to realise the full potential of magic lanterns for horror storytelling. In the case of phantasmagoria, skilled lanternists determined they could use multiple magic lanterns to project several images at once and increase the impact.
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Images were drawn on to slides, sometimes intricately and sometimes in a mass-produced fashion, with the vision able to be shown to multiple people at once (much like the forthcoming theatrical experience). Candles were the most popular and easily accessible light source originally, but were replaced with substances like mineral lime, oxygen and hydrogen, which would burn longer and brighter, therefore creating a clearer picture. So much so, in Europe conmen and clergy tricked viewers into believing that they were seeing the actual manifestations of the Biblical and religious creatures, in order to either con viewers or keep them close to God.Ī descendent of the camera obscura, the magic lantern worked through the multi-use of a light source, a sequence of lenses, and transparent slides to allow image projection onto a wall or whatever was available, sometimes a white sheet. The devil, demons, witches and ghostly apparitions were some of the more popular figures to be projected due to the ease of which their silhouettes could be invoked.
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Phantasmagoria incorporated not just the moving image, but special effects, surround sound, and – in some cases – hallucinogens to invoke stories that stayed with viewers long after their theatrical experience ended.Įven before phantasmagoria took hold in the late 1700s, images of terror and horror were being projected with the arrival of magic lanterns in the 1600s. In many ways, it pre-empted sensory theatrical trends like 3D and 4D technology that aimed to take viewers deeper into the feature film itself. With origins dating back to the 1770s in Europe, phantasmagoria was a type of horror theatre that used several of the earliest moving image devices to create an immersive audience experience. Welcome to the Internet's largest, most comprehensive and original fan site dedicated to Phantasmagoria 2: A Puzzle of Flesh.From terrifying myths with a moral lesson buried beneath the surface to penny dreadfuls based on true accounts of crime and horror, scary stories have been one of the most enduring and beloved forms of storytelling. Hi Anthony! I'm so glad you enjoyed Phantasmagoria 2. * ** If you like Phantasmagoria 2, try Point of View! * ** Phantasmagoria 2 Overview Memorial - Title p h a n t a s m a g o r i a